‘Modernism in Spain’

Origin: The main focus happens in Catalonia.

Main artists: Gaudí

Characteristics:

• Gaudí has four constant characteristics in his works: Religion, love for Catalonia, nature and architecture.
• His work presents many influences: the muslim world in the use of ceramic and bricks, Gothic style in the inclination towards tall buildings, popular architecture from north africa takes the sandy look of some of his buildings, and from his steel worker father he takes the like for steelworks.
• He uses many kinds of artesan works mixed with ceramic, glass and steelwork or woodwork, for what he collaborated with the best artesans from Catalonia.

• He used to work for very rich people who always allowed him absolute creative freedom without minding on echonomics, which, as usual in modernism, were expensive.

artworks

Batlló house:

[…to be continued]

Important artists:

Galileo Chini

Rugen: A glass artesan.

Carlo Bugatti:

Author of curious and imaginative furniture.

• artwork: In Turin’s international exposition he exposed the ‘Snail room’, appealing directly nature, with a big asiatic inspiration

‘Modernism in Austria’

Origin: Developed in Viena.

Historial info:

It starts with the influence of Glasgov school’s exposition in Viena.

From the appeareance of the Seccesionist building, an art workshop is created by Josef Hoffman and Kolomal Moselr, called Wiener Werkstatte, which imitated Arts & Crafts, starting in 1903. In 1906 Moser leaves upon his disagreement with the influence of the client’s opinion on the work. It was a workshop producer of design products like jewels, furniture or architecture. It was characteristic from it that each product had the double sign of the designer and the artesan, as they were considered as important. It ends around 1932, due to the smalling support from monarchy and the excessively expensive prizes of its products.

Characteristics:

• Inspired by Glasgov school and Arts & Crafts.
• More geometrical than other kind of modernism in europe.

Important artists:

• Gustav Klimt:

The main author of the seccesionist movement. He uses a mixed technique of oil paint on cloth, using golden bread to color the golden colors. Treats the flesh in a classical method and his background lack any perspective. He grew to be a followed example by his work partners. He is the author of the world-wide famous paint ‘The kiss’

• Joseph Marie Olbrich

Artworks: Is the architect of the Secession palace, where was planned all of Seccession group’s expositions to take place, and where artists like Monet or Rodin would be invited to participare. It’s inspired by classic greek temples. Covered in marble with details in bronze and crowned by a cupule decorated with golden leaf shapes and inside it is empty. In the front it can be read ‘Each age its art, each art its freedom’, and in a side the name of the seccessionist magazine ‘Ver Sacrum’. It shows the characteristical use of the square as element in this movement.

• Otto Wagner:

He used to be historicistical, but decided to escape from that influence, althought keeping the taste for the ancient art, as seen in his classic structures where the highest show of modernism was on the ornamentary. His more important artworks were the ‘Mayólicas home’, where we can see that the decoration looks quite similar to the french Art Decó and the train station Karlzplatz.

• Koloman MoIser:

Moiser was a painter, but an active furniture, jewels and ceramic designer

• Joseff Hoffman:
  

We can appreciate in his artwork the difference between the german and viennan’s modernism, for example, in the Stoclet Palace.

Artworks: Stoclet Palace: Is referred as a total work of art, as Hoffman designed the building as the very furniture, which reminds us of Macintosh’s shapes.